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thyroid cancer definition
Content is medically reviewed by:
Dr. Udaya Kumar Maiya (MBBS, MD, DNB(RT), DCCF (Paris), Medical Director, Portea.
The medical definition of thyroid cancer defines the disease as ‘a cancer of the gland located in front of the neck, which is responsible for producing thyroid hormone that regulates the metabolism, blood pressure and body temperature of the body.’
what is thyroid cancer?
Thyroid cancer is the cancer of the thyroid gland. The cancer cells develop abnormally from the tissues of the thyroid gland and are capable to grow at a rapid rate and spread to other parts of the body. It is one of the most curable types of cancer with early detection. Thyroid cancer is more common in women than men and is basically found in the age group above 30 years and with the progression of age the cancer can get severe.
thyroid cancer types:
Thyroid cancer types are determined by their histopathological characteristics and as such four different types of thyroid cancer has been identified. They are;
Papillary Thyroid Cancer: It is the most common forms of thyroid cancer and mostly affects young females. It is characterised by slow growth but can eventually spread to the nymph nodes in the neck
Follicular Thyroid Cancer: Follicular thyroid cancer is pretty aggressive in the sense that it can spread to the blood vessels and lymph nodes.
Medullary Thyroid cancer: It is the cancer of the parafollicular cells and people affected with it have been found to have it in their family history.
Anaplastlic Thyroid cancer: It is one of the most severe forms of thyroid cancer owing to its advanced and aggressive nature. It is a pretty rare form of thyroid cancer and does not respond very well to conventional treatment.
Besides these four main types of thyroid cancer, the other types of thyroid cancer are;
Thyroid Lymphoma
Squamous Cell Thyroid Carcinoma
Sarcoma of Thyroid
thyroid cancer symptoms:
Thyroid cancer symptoms do not necessarily show in the early stages of the disease and as the cancer starts to progress, then do the various thyroid cancer symptoms begin to show more prominently. The common thyroid cancer symptoms are;
Pain in the neck and throat
Difficulty in swallowing
Changes in the voice, increased hoarseness
Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
Formation of lumps in the neck that can be felt through the skin
thyroid cancer causes:
There is no clear thyroid cancer causes, it occurs as a result of the genetic mutation of the normal cells of the thyroid gland but, why do these cells undergo mutation is not yet clear. However, there are a few risk factors that are seen as being contributory to thyroid cancer. The common risk factors or thyroid cancer causes are;
Gender: The female population is more at risk of thyroid cancer than men.
Exposure to high levels of radiation: Exposure to high levels of radiation can lead to cell mutation
Genetics – There are few genetic syndromes that make females more susceptible to thyroid cancer like multiple endocrine neoplasia type – 2
Thyroid Hormone Therapy – This therapy is followed by the removal of the thyroid gland. This therapy basically involves prescribing thyroid hormone medication for life long for providing the missing hormones produced by the thyroid gland.
Radioactive Iodine – This procedure involves giving large doses of iodine that is radioactive in a form of a pill. The radioactive iodine will pass out through the urine, however, during this time patients are recommended to avoid close contact with other family members.
Radiation therapy – It is the usage of high energy proton beams to kill cancer cells
Chemotherapy – This involves thyroid cancer treatment with the help of varied chemicals and drugs
Injecting alcohol into cancers – This type of thyroid cancer treatment is used when the cancer cells aren’t accessible during surgery and a small shot of alcohol is given to cancer cells to kill them.
how can we help?
Cancer of any form is quite distressing for the patient and his family and in this grim situation if the patient is allowed to receive thyroid cancer treatment at home then it can be morally uplifting for them and also help in the recovery process. Portea is a respectable name in the home healthcare services and provide excellent thyroid cancer treatment at home with trained nurses for thyroid cancer and proper thyroid cancer care. So if you need thyroid cancer treatment at home do give us a call and we will pick up the treatment plan from there.
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